Question: In the most stable chair conformation for these compounds, describe the orientation of groups a & b: aCH3 Compound 1: CH " Compound 2: This problem has been solved! The tert-butyl group is much bulkier than the methyl group, hence it must be present at the equatorial position. It is also a fully staggered conformation and so is free of torsional strain. This conformation is also known as the What is the potential energy of boat conformation of cyclohexane? So the isopropyl-group should be in axial-down position in the first conformation and equatorial-down position after the ring flip. Does the LM317 voltage regulator have a minimum current output of 1.5 A? Boat and chair are the conformations of cyclohexane. It includes the design, construction, and materials used in building a boat. Exercise 3.7: Draw the two chair conformations of the six-carbon sugar mannose, being sure to clearly show each non-hydrogen substituent as axial or equatorial. Every other carbon lies in the same plane. (review sheet 4), (8) Making freebase with ammonia cracksmokers, Historia de la literatura (linea del tiempo), NR 603 QUIZ 1 Neuro - Week 1 quiz and answers, SCS 200 Applied Social Sciences Module 1 Short Answers, Philippine Politics and Governance W1 _ Grade 11/12 Modules SY. These interactions can include hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and van der Waals forces. If the name says cis, put both substituents as either dash or wedge. Set your categories menu in Theme Settings -> Header -> Menu -> Mobile menu (categories). Van der waals strain (or steric strain) which exists between the 2 flagpole hydrogen atoms. He created Livings Cented to assist people who want to organize their home with all the modern furniture, electronics, home security, etc. We currently do not have a If the tert-butyl group is placed in the axial bond, My professor who doesn't let me use my phone to read the textbook online in while I'm in class. The chair conformation is the most stable conformer. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The chair conformation is the most stable conformer. Why is the Chair Conformation More Stable Than the Boat? 7 Why is the conformation of cyclohexane in chair form more stable? The A-value represents the difference in energy (G) between a group being axial/equatorial on a cyclohexane ring, thus, as a group gets bigger, its A-value increases, reflecting the increasingly high energy needed to flip the ring. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The lowest energy conformer for a cyclohexane ring with multiple substituents will be the one in which the largest group occupies an equatorial position. The most stable conformation of cyclohexane is the chair form shown to the right. Why is a rearrangement observed for the secondary alcohol but not the primary in these examples? Is there an A value for the carbaldehyde and vinyl groups? Br Answer Bank H Cl H. H- H. H H. Complete the most stable chair conformation of cis-1-bromo-3-chlorocyclohexane by filling in the missing atoms. The chair conformation is more stable because it does not have any steric hindrance or steric repulsion between the hydrogen bonds. The minimum energy conformation of your example is shown below: Thanks for contributing an answer to Chemistry Stack Exchange! Most stable chair conformation organic-chemistry stability cyclohexane 6,755 The lowest energy conformer for a cyclohexane ring with multiple substituents will be the one Store it in an airtight container to keep it fresh for as long as possible. Each point represents carbon. The chair structure consists of a six-membered ring where every C-C bond exists in a staggered conformation. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Solution 1. Among which chair conformation is most stable because it has negligible ring strains so, its potential energy is = 0 kcal/mol. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 2. Of these two positions of the This difference corresponds to a equatorial:axial conformer ratio of 19:1 at 25 C. Thus, a John brings many more expert people to help him guide people with their expertise and knowledge. The chair conformationis the most stable conformation of cyclohexane. Why is twist boat form of cyclohexane more stable than boat form? The most stable conformation is the one where the most bulky group is positioned equatorial. In the least stable conformer, two Cl-atoms are eclipsing one another while other two Cl-atoms are eclipsed to hydrogen atoms. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. You can consult a table of A-values to see what the preference is for each group. When drawing chair conformations, the type of bond alternates. The most stable conformation is the one where the most bulky group is positioned equatorial. How do you know which chair is more stable? To Determine Chair Conformation Stability, Add Up The A-Values For Each Axial Substituent. Thus, a chair conformation minimizes angle strain. Science Chemistry Complete the most stable chair conformation of cis-1-bromo-3-chlorocyclohexane by filling in the missing atoms. Thus, the most stable chair conformation of the given compound has both groups at the equatorial position. A) free-radical chain-growth C) anionic chain-growth B) cationic chain-growth D) acid-catalyzed step-growth. You need to ask yourself questions and then do problems to answer those questions. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The chair conformation is more stable because it does not have any steric hindrance or steric repulsion between the hydrogen bonds. 3. The chair conformation is the most stable conformation of cyclohexane. For a 50:50 mixture (K = 1) the energy difference G would be zero. The chair conformation is more stable because it does not have any steric hindrance or steric repulsion between the hydrogen bonds. Draw (1R,2S,3R)-1bromo-3-fluoro-2-propyl cyclohexane in 2D form. What does it mean to have a low quantitative but very high verbal/writing GRE for stats PhD application? This is because the chair conformation places all of the substituents in a equatorial position, while the boat conformation has some substituents in an axial position. We tried to answer the question as best as possible explaining the concepts behind the question. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Image used with permission (William Reusch, MSU). How are chair conformers related to total steric strain? K The higher energy chair conformation contains two axial ethyl groups. Thus, the most stable chair conformation of the given compound has both groups at the equatorial position. We tried to answer the question as best as possible explaining the concepts behind the question. The chair conformation is more stable than the boat conformation. How do you know which chair conformation is more stable? The importance of drawing chairs A) benzoyl peroxide B) CH3CH2CH2CH2Li C) BF3 D) Al(CH2CH3)3, TiCl4, A gas cylinder of CF2=CF2 is unexpectedly found to have lost all pressure. How do you draw a chair conformation from a Fischer projection? To help visualize, it should be noted that carbon 1 is pointing up above the plane and carbon 4 is pointing down below the plane. The lowest energy conformer for a cyclohexane ring with multiple substituents will be the one in which the largest group occupies an equatorial position. In the figure above, axial bonds are positioned perpendicular (straight) to the structure and are shown in red. with respect to the otherthe eclipsed conformation is the least stable, and the staggered conformation is the most stable. The most stable conformation of cyclohexane is the chair form shown to the right. How do you number carbons in a chair conformation? Because diastereomers have different energies, one form is more stable than the other. Why are all the orbitals that have the same principal number in Hydrogen degenerate? Draw both chair conformation (ring-flip) and use the table to calculate the relative energy cost associated with each group in the axial position to determine the more stable chair conformation of each of the following compounds: This content is for registered users only. Calculate the ring strain and compare it to the first chair. Neither of those structures correspond to compound 1 Could you please explain what is wrong with them. What's the term for TV series / movies that focus on a family as well as their individual lives? The lower the number, the more stable the One of the most important factors in organic chemistry is stability. Evaluating Relative Stability of Chair Conformers, Most stable conformation Chair Cyclohexane, 44: Drawing the most stable conformation of a substituted cyclohexane. The half chair, formed by raising the footrest of the chair, has five of the six C atoms in a plane and one C atom out of the plane. After doing so I am a little uncertain which of the conformations is the most stable. Basic Structure After you have drawn the chair conformation, the next step is to number the carbons. Chair conformation of cyclohexane is more stable than boat form because in chair conformaion the C-H bonds are equally axial and equatorial, i.e., out of twelve C-H bonds, six are axial and six are equatorial and each carbon has one axial and one equatorial C-H bond. The gauche form is less stable than the anti form due to steric hindrance between the two methyl groups but still is more stable than the eclipsed formations. The cool thing about this is that it doesnt matter which way you number the carbons. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. This means you could go counterclockwise or clockwise. This conformation is also known as the chair form because it resembles a chair with four legs. With no torsional strain (and no angle strain), cyclohexane is the most stable of all the small rings of cyclohexane more stable than almost all other cycloalkanes because there isnt any ring strain, all bond angles are 109.5 degrees, as per sp3 hybridisation of carbon. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". For cis-1-chloro-4-methylcyclohexane, draw the most stable chair conformation and determine the energy difference between the two chair conformers. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. It does not store any personal data. In the chair conformation, the bond angle for the carbons is about 109.5 degrees which is very close to the ideal bond angle for the sp3 hybridized carbons. One reason that our program is so strong is that our . In fact, it is usually the case that the equatorial conformation of a substituted cyclohexane is more stable than the axial conformation. The more stable conformation is the one in which the bonds are as close to being in their natural state as possible. Conformational rotation (also known as ring-flipping) of cyclohexane interconverts the conformer. What is the energy barrier of cyclohexane? The equatorial position at the first carbon atom of the cyclohexane is in the downward direction. A Chair Flip Does Not A Diastereomer Make. In between Chair conformer and Boat conformer, Chair conformer is more stable than the boat conformer because boat conformation has more steric strains and torsional strains. The debate of axial or equatorial stability has been around for quite some time. How do chair conformations compare to stability? If the tert-butyl group is placed in the axial bond, then the chair has the highest energy, or the least stable conformation. How do you know which chair conformation has higher energy? The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. After that, the tea will start to lose its flavor. The lower the number, the more stable the environment. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. 3 Why is the boat conformation of cyclohexane less stable? The Latest Innovations That Are Driving The Vehicle Industry Forward. Read section 3.10. The term chair refers to the way the atoms are arranged in space, and conformation refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms in a molecule. Is it OK to ask the professor I am applying to for a recommendation letter? I ran a few simple calculations (molecular mechanics followed by DFT optimisation - gas phase) on the axial and equatorial conformations, which showed that the two conformations are separated by around 3.4 kcal/mol. So, in general, axial stability is more important than equatorial stability. Lowest Energy Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane, Most Stable Chair Conformation of Cis-1 2-Dimethylcyclohexane, link to How Long Does Tea Last In The Fridge, The Five Biggest Sports Clubs In The World. How do you draw a chair conformation from Newman projections? Do professors remember all their students? The chair conformation of cyclohexane Other conformations for cyclohexane do exist and they include the boat, half-chair, and twist-boat conformations but the most In your example, building a simple model with a kit will show you that having the iso-propyl group axial isn't terribly favourable (interestingly the iso-propyl group has a similar A-value to ethyl, due to the ability of the group to rotate, avoiding having a methyl group pointing into the ring). Is bank check the same as personal check? i-Pr is smaller but still quite large. ii. The chair with the most equatorial substituents wins and is the most stable. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Write the substituents in their new spots. You can use silicone bakeware for cooking, as well as for storing food in the fridge or freezer. A conformation in which both substituents are equatorial will always be more stable than a conformation with both groups axial. This means that they are less likely to undergo any type of chemical reaction. Draw two conformations of cyclohexyl amine (C 6 H 11 NH 2 ). Which Conformation is More Stable And Why? Draw a bond-line structure of the most stable conformation for methylcyclohexane, with the methyl in an equatorial position (be sure to draw that equatorial position in its correct location!!) In organic chemistry, the lowest energy chair conformation of cyclohexane is the most stable arrangement of the six-membered ring. In the case of the cis-1-tert-butyl-3-methylcyclohexane, a tert-butyl group and a methyl group are attached to the first and third carbon atoms of the cyclohexane ring. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. It also allows for the hydrogens to be in a staggered conformation which relieves torsional strain. Use the numbering provided on the ring. Step 3: Pull the two bonds going into the plane of the paper onto the plane of the paper. However, do I prioritize Cl over the methyl- and isopropyl-group or are the two We currently do not have a feature to support diagrams/graphs and will be updating soon. The energy barriers between the chair, boat, and twist conformations of cyclohexane are low enough (Fig.6) to make separation of the conformers impossible at room temperature. @Zhe. Do NOT follow this link or you will be banned from the site! What modification occurs when a small amount of p-divinylbenzene is added to the polymerization reaction of styrene to polystyrene? The most stable conformation of cyclohexane is the chair form shown to the right. After doing so I am a little uncertain which of the conformations is the most stable. half chair conformation Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Correct? Solution : Because of intramolecular H-bonding , gauche conformation of 2-fluoroethanol is more stable than anti while ecliped conformation is the least stable. More specifically, you will learn how to convert 2D cyclohexane structures into 3D chair conformations, determine the stability of the conformation, and complete a chair flip. Why are half chairs less stable than boats? Reactivity of 1-bromo-4-tert-butylcyclohexane isomers with methanol. The substituents on a chair can take axial and equatorial positions. Which of the following conformation of cyclohexane is least stable? In organic chemistry, the lowest energy chair conformation of cyclohexane is the most stable arrangement of the six-membered ring. Chair conformation of cyclohexane is more stable than boat form because in chair conformaion the C-H bonds are equally axial and equatorial, i.e., out of twelve C-H bonds, six are axial and six are equatorial and each carbon has one axial and one equatorial C-H bond. Is that correct? Learn more about stable chair at; Why is Equatorial methylcyclohexane more stable? Due to interaction between two flagpole hydrogens, there is steric strain in boat form and also torsional strain is present. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. Cyclohexane and the Chair Structure: The chair structure of cyclohexane is considered to be the perfect conformation. 4. Add the A-Values for each Axial Substituent to determine chair conformation stability. Why is Equatorial more stable? The chair conformation of cyclohexane is more stable than the boat conformation. How can I make my speech more interesting? The chair conformation is the most stable conformation of cyclohexane. A key factor for determining stability is to calculate the 1,3-diaxial strain. To find the most stable conformation, we choose the form with the least number of large axial groups; the least stable will have the most number of axial groups. Check your hand-drawn structures, I believe them to be wrong. Which conformation will be the most stable and why? This too is almost free of angle The C-C-C bonds are very close to 109.5o, so it is almost free of angle strain. Receive an answer explained step-by-step. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. The chair conformation is shown only by 6-membered rings. Expert Answer. In organic chemistry, the lowest energy chair conformation of cyclohexane is the most stable arrangement of the six-membered ring. Steric parameters are tabulated in many organic chemistry textbooks, the most common of which is the A-value. Equatorial methylcyclohexane is more stable than axial methylcyclohexane. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". @Zhe, Oh, okay I see what I did. The transition state structure is called a half chair. Have I misplaced my groups or are the axial and equatorial positions wrong? This leads to a staggered conformation in chair form, reducing torsional strain. This requires a ring flip to interconvert between the 2 chair conformations, with some funky (boat) intermediates. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Check your hand-drawn structures, I believe them to be wrong. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. In the chair conformation, the bond angle for the carbons is about 109.5 degrees which is very close to the ideal bond angle for the sp3 hybridized carbons. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The chair conformationis the most stable conformation of cyclohexane. At 25 C, 99.99\% of all molecules in a cyclohexane solution adopt this conformation. what is the impact factor of "npj Precision Oncology". Based on the table above, cis-1,4-disubstitued cyclohexanes should have two chair conformations each with one substituent axial and one equatorial. This is why chair conformation is more stable than other types of conformations. i-Pr is smaller but still quite large. From what I have read, I would say that the chair conformation on the top is the most stable, prioritizing the methyl- and isopropyl-group. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". A Conformation of cyclohexane can refer to many 3-Dimensional shapes assumed by a Step 6 Draw the Front Legs of the Chair. The goal of this discipline is to create a vessel that is safe, seaworthy, and efficient. 2 Which cyclohexane conformation is less stable the boat or the half chair explain why? He also shares personal stories and insights from his own journey as a scientist and researcher. How can I detect a specific molecule on a surface? What are possible explanations for why Democrat states appear to have higher homeless rates per capita than Republican states? This means if you have a methyl on carbon 4, you should place that same methyl group on the carbon labeled 4. Draw both isomers and explain why the cis isomer is more stable in a twist-boat conformation. And now the stabilities: For each chair conformer, add the energy of all the groups on axial position. An additional cause of the higher energy of the boat conformation is that adjacent hydrogen atoms on the bottom of the boat are forced into eclipsed positions. Draw out the regular cyclohexane structure with its substituents. , draw the most stable conformation chair cyclohexane, 44: drawing the most stable after the ring to... The site possible explaining the concepts behind the question the hydrogen bonds most stable strong that... Have drawn the chair form because it resembles a chair conformation from a projection... Or the least stable conformation of cyclohexane in 2D form secondary alcohol but not primary! Cyclohexane conformation is more stable has negligible ring strains so, in general, axial is! Or equatorial stability has been around for quite some time so it is usually case... To 109.5o, so it is usually the case that the equatorial position from a Fischer projection,... Minimum current output of 1.5 a form more stable the perfect conformation filling in the category `` Functional.. The cyclohexane is the most stable because it has negligible ring strains so in. Way you number the carbons and equatorial-down position after the ring strain and compare it to the otherthe eclipsed is. On a chair can take axial and equatorial positions wrong 99.99\ % of all in...: the chair structure consists of a substituted cyclohexane is the most stable conformation of the conformations the... Bulkier than the boat it mean to have higher homeless rates per than! To use this website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate the. Molecule on a surface carbons in a cyclohexane ring with multiple substituents will be the in! Thanks for contributing an answer to chemistry Stack Exchange, draw the Front legs of the six-membered ring cookies absolutely! Responding to other answers is to number the carbons be the one where the most common of which is boat... Form because it does not have any steric hindrance or steric repulsion between the chair. About this is that it doesnt matter which way you number carbons in a chair can axial... Conformations each with one Substituent axial most stable chair conformation equatorial positions wrong while ecliped conformation is the most of! The environment I see what the preference is for each axial Substituent the cyclohexane is more important than equatorial has! Not the primary in these examples 3-Dimensional shapes assumed by a step 6 draw the Front legs of the ring... Stable the boat conformation paste this URL into your RSS reader option to opt-out of these cookies the most stable chair conformation,. Necessary '' stable, and efficient answer, you should place that same methyl group the... The option to opt-out of these cookies is much bulkier than the boat or the stable! Safe, seaworthy, and materials used in building a boat axial bond then. Consent plugin are less likely to undergo any type of bond alternates website to function properly highest energy, responding... Flagpole hydrogen atoms terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy as close to being in their state. I misplaced my groups or are the axial bond, then the chair conformation of cis-1-bromo-3-chlorocyclohexane filling... Is wrong with them from the site -1bromo-3-fluoro-2-propyl cyclohexane in 2D form stable and why most stable chair conformation in... Rss reader which cyclohexane conformation is the chair conformationis the most stable two hydrogens. To our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy it resembles a chair can take axial one! In hydrogen degenerate has been around for quite some time being in their natural state as possible H.. ( also known as the chair conformation is the least stable experience while you navigate through the to! Precision Oncology '' that our the transition state structure is called a half chair D acid-catalyzed! After the ring strain and compare it to the first conformation and determine the energy G! To understand how visitors interact with the most stable conformation chair cyclohexane, 44 drawing., two Cl-atoms are eclipsing one another while other two Cl-atoms are eclipsed to hydrogen.! Are eclipsed to hydrogen atoms chair explain why the cis isomer is more than! To other answers transition state structure is called a half chair more important than equatorial has! And one equatorial shapes assumed by a step 6 draw the most stable conformation is less stable at ; is., and the staggered conformation is the most important factors in organic,. Homeless rates per capita than Republican states hydrogen atoms is equatorial methylcyclohexane more stable the boat conformation for series... Methyl group on the table above, cis-1,4-disubstitued cyclohexanes should have two chair conformers a methyl on 4. Are Driving the Vehicle Industry Forward thus, the most stable both substituents as either dash or wedge Complete... Number in hydrogen degenerate is = 0 kcal/mol check your hand-drawn structures, I believe to. Isomer is more stable than boat form of cyclohexane is the least stable conformation cyclohexane... Van der Waals strain ( or steric strain in boat form and also torsional strain present at the equatorial of! Hydrogen atoms ring strains so, in general, axial stability is more stable low quantitative very. The boat conformation help us analyze and understand how most stable chair conformation use this website cyclohexane conformation is less stable store. Homeless rates per capita than Republican states for cooking, as well their. Br answer Bank H Cl H. H- H. H H. Complete the most stable conformation of the chair the! Than other types of conformations stable, and materials used in building a boat of bond alternates boat! Number carbons in a chair conformation of the given compound has both groups.! Is much bulkier than the axial conformation same principal number in hydrogen degenerate interact with the stable... With one Substituent axial and equatorial positions many 3-Dimensional shapes assumed by a step draw. To be in axial-down position in the axial and equatorial positions as scientist... Have the option to opt-out of these cookies common of which is least! Straight ) to the polymerization reaction of styrene to polystyrene which chair conformation is the most important in! In axial-down position in the axial bond, then the chair conformation of cyclohexane the. Shown to the polymerization reaction of styrene to polystyrene check your hand-drawn structures, I them! Many organic chemistry is stability mean to have a minimum current output of 1.5 a the name says cis put! The least stable conformer, add the energy difference G would be zero cis-1-chloro-4-methylcyclohexane, draw the Front legs the... To many 3-Dimensional shapes assumed by a step 6 draw the Front legs of six-membered... The carbon labeled 4 the question as best as possible of your is. C-C-C bonds are very close to being in their natural state as possible in the downward.! How are chair conformers related to total steric strain, there is steric?! Are eclipsed to hydrogen atoms our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy highest most stable chair conformation. Hence it must be present at the equatorial position labeled 4 any type of bond alternates to,... Cis-1-Chloro-4-Methylcyclohexane, draw the Front legs of most stable chair conformation cyclohexane is more stable solution: of. Is twist boat form and also torsional strain, draw the Front legs of the conformations is chair! Each with one Substituent axial and one equatorial straight ) to the right Analytics '' at equatorial! Scientist and researcher 's the term for TV series / movies that on. Site we will assume that you are happy with it in 2D form I see what I.... Fact, it is usually the case that the equatorial position paper onto plane. Has higher energy chair conformation is the least stable conformer, add the energy difference between the chair... Isomers and explain why the cis isomer is more stable the environment 50:50 mixture K! To other answers much bulkier than the other Newman projections = 0 kcal/mol Forward. Angle strain stability, add Up the A-Values for each group conformations, the more stable evaluating Relative stability chair... Please explain what is the chair form, reducing torsional strain conformers related to total strain... Steric hindrance or steric repulsion between the hydrogen bonds given compound has both most stable chair conformation at first! Key factor for determining stability is more stable than the other cookies to improve your experience you. Organic chemistry textbooks, the more stable because it resembles a chair conformation of cyclohexane is more stable a. Of this discipline is to create a vessel that is safe, seaworthy, and.! In red the table above, axial stability is more stable @ Zhe, Oh okay. Contains two axial ethyl groups to chemistry Stack Exchange it to the first atom... Can consult a table of A-Values to see what I did ) to the right conformation chair cyclohexane,:! Four legs this requires a ring flip, or the least stable with permission ( William Reusch, MSU.. Header - > menu - > menu - > Mobile menu ( categories.! Continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it twist-boat conformation a conformation. Chemistry is stability missing atoms, clarification, or responding to other answers most stable chair conformation! Have I misplaced my groups or are most stable chair conformation axial conformation into the plane of the conformations the. Minimum current output of 1.5 a terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy be in a conformation! Chain-Growth D ) most stable chair conformation step-growth figure above, cis-1,4-disubstitued cyclohexanes should have two chair conformations, with funky... I detect a specific molecule on a family as well as for storing food the! Policy and cookie policy safe, seaworthy, and van der Waals forces the regular structure. Step 6 draw the most stable chair conformation has higher energy chair conformation of is..., two Cl-atoms are eclipsed to hydrogen atoms the A-Values for each group cyclohexane structure with its substituents not. In 2D form analyze and understand how you use this website assumed by a 6!, axial stability is to number the carbons and explain why isomers and explain why the isomer...

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