[8], The name Montana comes from the Spanish word montaa, which in turn comes from the Latin word montanea, meaning "mountain" or more broadly "mountainous country. Both members, however, were still elected at-large. [254] One is a member of the Great Northwest Athletic Conference. [297][298] Montana's largest circulating daily city newspapers are the Billings Gazette (circulation 39,405), Great Falls Tribune (26,733), and Missoulian (25,439).[299]. [255], A variety of sports are offered at Montana high schools. This act brought mostly cattle and sheep ranchers into Montana, many of whom grazed their herds on the Montana prairie for three years, did little to irrigate the land and then abandoned it without paying the final fees. COVID-19 Vaccine Availability by County There are no intermediate appellate courts. [290] [223] The United States Department of Education estimated in 2009 that 5,274 students in Montana spoke a language at home other than English. They consist of a chief probation officer, one or more juvenile probation officers, and support staff. In 1942, the US Army established Camp Rimini near Helena for the purpose of training sled dogs in winter weather. 1 bed. The historically mining-oriented communities of western Montana such as Butte have a wider range of European-American ethnicity; Finns, Eastern Europeans and especially Irish settlers left an indelible mark on the area, as well as people originally from British mining regions such as Cornwall, Devon, and Wales. [124] Farther downstream, it is joined by the Flathead River before entering Idaho near Lake Pend Oreille. The aptly-named Heart of Montana is an outdoor recreation paradise: hunting, fishing, skiing, hiking and biking are just a few of the possibilities for those of you who enjoy the great outdoors. Montana hosts numerous arts and cultural festivals and events every year. EXECUTIVE MANSION, Tracks of the Northern Pacific Railroad (NPR) reached Montana from the west in 1881 and from the east in 1882. [108] Three buttes south of Great Falls are major landmarks: Cascade, Crown, Square, Shaw, and Buttes. The latest resources and information from the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services can be found below. It has a single judge, appointed by the governor. This changed in 1959 when Lee Enterprises bought several Montana newspapers. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. Montana is one of the largest states in the United States of America. Montana Shakespeare in the Parks has been performing free, live theatrical productions of Shakespeare and other classics throughout Montana and the Northwest region since 1973. Conversely, air flow from the southwest results in "chinooks". Montana is one of the best spots in North America for seeing wildlife. [212] The state was sued in 2004 because of lack of funding, and the state has increased its support of the program. The Montana Water Court was established by the Montana Water Court Act of 1979. The wheat farms in eastern Montana make the state a major producer; the wheat has a relatively high protein content, thus commands premium prices. [65] In Butte, a multiethnic community with a significant European immigrant population, labor unions, particularly the newly formed Metal Mine Workers' Union, opposed the war on grounds it mostly profited large lumber and mining interests. [167] Snowfall has been recorded in all months of the year in the more mountainous areas of central and western Montana, though it is rare in July and August. It borders North Dakota and South Dakota to the east. Lewistown is also surrounded by five mountain ranges. [89] It causes the Waterton River, Belly, and Saint Mary rivers to flow north into Alberta, Canada. Senators serve four-year terms, while Representatives serve two-year terms. Today, the BNSF Railway is the state's largest railroad, its main transcontinental route incorporating the former Great Northern main line across the state. This created Montana's 1st congressional district in the west and Montana's 2nd congressional district in the east. Evelyn Cameron, a naturalist and photographer from Terry documented early 20th-century life on the Montana prairie, taking startlingly clear pictures of everything around her: cowboys, sheepherders, weddings, river crossings, freight wagons, people working, badlands, eagles, coyotes and wolves. Democrats hold one of the state's two U.S. Senate seats with Jon Tester. Its capital is Helena. All members are limited to serving no more than eight years in a single 16-year period. The Big Hole Valley,[95] Bitterroot Valley,[96] Gallatin Valley,[97] Flathead Valley,[98][99] and Paradise Valley[100] have extensive agricultural resources and multiple opportunities for tourism and recreation. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. Eastern Montana . [175][176] The warmer winters in the region have allowed various species to expand their ranges and proliferate. Eight smaller communities have airports designated for commercial service under the Essential Air Service program.[302]. The Office of the Commissioner of Higher Education acts in an executive capacity on behalf of the regents and oversees the state-run Montana University System. Among Montana's most historically prominent senators are Thomas J. Walsh (serving from 1913 to 1933), who was President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt's choice for attorney general when he died; Burton K. Wheeler (serving from 1923 to 1947), an oft-mentioned presidential candidate and strong supporter of isolationism; Mike Mansfield, the longest-serving Senate majority leader in U.S. history; Max Baucus (served 1978 to 2014), longest-serving U.S. senator in Montana history, and the senator who shepherded the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act through the Senate in 2010; and Lee Metcalf (served 1961 to 1978), a pioneer of the environmental movement. Browse by Montana counties. The Water Court consists of a chief water judge and four district water judges (Lower Missouri River Basin, Upper Missouri River Basin, Yellowstone River Basin, and Clark Fork River Basin). Its capital is Helena. When the Soviets removed their missiles from Cuba, President John F. Kennedy said the Soviets backed down because they knew he had an "ace in the hole", referring directly to the Minuteman missiles in Montana. 1675 Montana Highway 206, Columbia Falls, MT 59912. With all water features included, Montanas total area is 147,040 square miles. Montana", "Montana | Capital, Population, Climate, Map, & Facts", Canadian Council for Geographic Education 2013, Geographical Dictionary Of The World 1900, Waterbody Report-Clarks Fork Yellowstone River 2013, "Montana's wolf population remains strong", "Historical Population Change Data (19102020)", University of Montana, Bureau of Business and Economic Research 2011, "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Montana; United States", "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "Population of Montana - Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts", Census Bureau-Annual Estimates of Race 2012, Montana Office of Public Instruction 2009, "Montana Constitution, Article X, section 1", "Montana Schools Try to Keep Indian Students Engaged by Teaching Indian Culture to All", "National Vital Statistics Reports Volume 64, Number 1, January 15, 2015", "National Vital Statistics Reports, Volume 64, Number 12, December 23, 2015 (The general fertility rate for 2014 on page 4 was corrected to read 62.9 on December 23, 2015. In addition, there are over 200 unincorporated communities spread across the state. Youth Courts have jurisdiction over misdemeanor and felony acts committed by those charged as a juvenile under the law. [92] The Beartooth Plateau is the largest continuous land mass over 10,000 feet (3,000m) high in the continental United States. The U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service administers 16,800,000 acres (68,000km2) of forest land in ten National Forests. The Water Court adjudicates water rights claims under the Montana Water Use Act of 1973 and has statewide jurisdiction. The Montana Supreme Court has the authority to declare acts of the legislature and executive unconstitutional under either the Montana or U.S. constitutions. Other rich placer deposits were found at Last Chance Gulch, where the city of Helena now stands, Confederate Gulch, Silver Bow, Emigrant Gulch, and Cooke City. Sidney Edgerton served as the first territorial governor. However, farmers faced a number of problems. The state also has a small Mtis population and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. Pulitzer Prize winner Wallace Earle Stegner from Great Falls was often called "The Dean of Western Writers". Its size is comparable to countries such as Norway, Zimbabwe, and Japan. Impact. U.S. Attorney Burton K. Wheeler and several district court judges who hesitated to prosecute or convict people brought up on charges were strongly criticized. [37] A number of smaller spur lines operated in Montana from 1881 into the 20th century, including the Oregon Short Line, Montana Railroad, and Milwaukee Road. Population (2020) 1,084,225. Historically, U.S. Route 10 was the primary eastwest highway route across Montana, connecting the major cities in the southern half of the state. This article in a Butte newspaper celebrates "the blessings of true citizenship". Montana's Official State Website - VISITOR INFORMATION EMPLOYMENT RESIDENTS BUSINESS ONLINE SERVICES GOVERNMENT VISITING ABOUT MONTANA EDUCATION STATE CAREERS JOB SEEKER RESOURCES INFORMATION AND RESOURCES MONTANA JOB SERVICE RESOURCES INTERACT WITH YOUR STATE GOVERNMENT Job openings are down from 2,919 in 2022 to 2,700 in 2023, but there are still more openings than in 2021. [45], In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began to promote settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. For other uses, see, "Montanan" redirects here. MONTANA: 2020 Census Montana Population Topped the 1 Million Mark in 2020 August 25, 2021 Written by: America Counts Staff America Counts today launches a state-by-state look at the demographic changes the new 2020 Census results reveal. KALISPELL - A total of 15 murals depicting Glacier National Park were donated to the Hockaday Museum of Art in Kalispell in 2012. The first operational missiles were in place and ready in early 1962. Image: pxfuel 1. The first school term started in early winter and lasted only until February 28. On November 8, 1889, President Benjamin Harrison proclaimed Montana the union's 41st state. Though the increased interaction between fur traders and indigenous peoples frequently proved to be a profitable partnership, conflicts broke out when indigenous interests were threatened, such as the conflict between American trappers and the Blackfeet. With all water features included, Montanas total area is 147,040 square miles. Montana has only one representative in the U.S. House, having lost its second district in the 1990 census reapportionment. GENERAL PROVISIONS Part 5. 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