[4] Robert Gordon had immigrated to Cotton Gin Port, Mississippi, from Scotland. Lowndes and Warren Counties in Mississippi saw increases of 6,000 and 8,000, but no other Mississippi The French viewed the Chickasaw Indians as a "troublesome" people and were determined to wipe them out. The plight of the newly freed blacks was more serious than that of the county's white citizens. numbers of African Americans on the 1870 census who were enumerated with the same surname. family. mail. Rev. Until this requirement was met, Southern states had no representation in Washington. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the county became united in favor of secession. Visit Chickasaw Country to plan your trip to south-central Oklahoma and find information on attractions, hotels, events, restaurants, and more. In Chickasaw Co the economic picture was drastically changed. communities. and caused him to move east to Okolona. The property consists All were shown as in Division 1, except the two holders on The leading citizens of Houston made several attempts to get a railroad through the town, but were unsuccessful until 1905. In the 1920s, business was good. Churches, civic clubs, home demonstration cubs and private citizens participated in activities to help in the war effort. Country singer Bobbie Gentry, known for her rendition of Ode to Billie Joe, was likewise born in Chickasaw and mentioned the county often in her music. An unknown group has successfully restored the Whitney Plantation in Wallace, Louisiana. some went. Industry began making a comeback during the last of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. A shortage of cotton did not bring the price of cotton up; but prices dropped steadily, eventually dropping In 1859, the Mobile and Ohio Railroad came through the county passing through Okolona and Egypt. Chickasaw has long been home to Sparta Opry, a live country music show. The primary coordinate point for Houston is located at latitude 33.8984 and longitude -88.9992 in Chickasaw County . enumerators, interested researchers should view the source film personally to verify or modify the information in this taxes be raised. The first contingent It was here that the ancestral remains were buried in the huge burial mound known as Nanih Waiya.There are several accounts on the brothers Chisca and Chocta and their respective followers on their parting of ways. Because of the poor quality and short terms of the public schools; most of the youth who had a desire to attend a college or university found it almost a necessity to attend a private school or academy. Wall Plantations - Wall CHICKASAW Formed in 1836 from Chickasaw Cession of 1830 CHOCTAW Formed in 1833 from Choctaw Cession CLAIBORNE Formed in 1802 from FORMER SLAVES. Beinville was defeated at the Battle of Akia, fought on the site of present day Coming from Tupelo under the command of Major Coon to a point south of Okolona, The leading citizens of Houston made several attempts to get a railroad through the town, but were unsuccessful until 1905. Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. Please do not use GIF. After declaring allegiance to the Union, the group went on to support secession in the event that agitation against slavery continued and if the federal government denied the right of citizens south of the Mason-Dixon line to hold slaves. Radicals led by Secretary of War Edwin Stanton and Thaddeus Stevens gained control of the Republican party and the Early "cottage" type industries included boot and show making and the manufacture of buggies and wagons, tinware, coffins and furniture. The war lasted only three years, but twenty-one of Chickasaw County's men gave their lives in this conflict. However, the slaves from the larger plantations who had been mistreated by their often left with the Federal troops. ONLY OLD PICTURES OVER 50 YEARS OLD OR OLDER AROUND HOUSTON, CHICKASAW COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI. The old Methodist Church bell Still another tells of Chisca's band simplyturning north and exploring the land, choosing to remain there. Cotton was the main crop; but corn was grown as food for both man and beast. Later, during the Creek War, the Chickasaws refused to join with the other southeastern tribes. 1%, about 6,000. Superintendent of Houston High School, L. B. Reid, was instrumental in securing the state's first Carnegie Library in 1909. As more and more white settlers arrived, the struggle Some of these former slaves may have been using the surname of their 1860 Only five years passed between the end of World War II and the beginning of the Korean Conflict. He entered the service as a captain with the Chickasaw Guards, Co H, 11th Infantry; the company being mustered at Houston on Mar 9, 1861. In time, the Hopewells disappeared from the area and were in all probability absorbed by the later groups of people who moved into the area. However, the radicals who dominated Congress disapproved of the Lincoln-Johnson reconstruction Plan and passed legislation that completely did away with it. Before the war's end, almost everything was rationed -- sugar, meat, commercial canned goods, gasoline, tires, shoes, etc. Homes, farms and businesses that had been destroyed or damaged had been rebuilt or renovated. If an Orleans County in Louisiana saw an When Grierson left the Kilgore plantation, he sent a detachment under the command of Colonel Hatch to destroy the railroad. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,106. The first of these private schools was established in Houston around 1842 by Aaron Turman. These schools offered a wide variety of subjects including the sciences, philosophy, Greek and Latin. Before 1830, most white men coming into this area were explorers, adventurers, and traders. Sharkey ordered a constitutional convention It would be during the 1960s before the blacks would recover their participation in the electoral process. Located in north-central Mississippi, Chickasaw County possesses a notable number of creeks and lakes and is traversed by both the Yalobusha and Tombigbee Rivers. Denominations represented in Okolona during this period were Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Episcopalian, Cumberland Presbyterian and Roman Catholic. [1] Its county seats are Houston and Okolona. court house are all that remain. The new county seat was named Houston in honor of the TX hero Major General Sam Houston, a close friend of Pinson's . The "Chickasaw Banner" a Whig paper was published by D. H. Lindsay and F. L. Denison. Most families in the county had suffered losses of loved ones and material goods during the war and Reconstruction. After the 1875 election in which the Republicans throughout the state were defeated; the losers requested Federal troops to put them in office. Simon Myers and James Simonton also had an early mercantile firm. Houston also had several drug stores. The Chamber of Commerce in Okolona and the American Legion in Houston declared that no child in the county would miss "Santa Claus". Vestiges of the countys earliest documented culture, belonging to the Paleo-Indians known as the Hopewells, can be seen at the Bynum Mound and Village Site near Houston. The editor went on to predict this invention would make "the dealer a merchant prince, the farmer an engineer and the plow boy, a mechanic." slaveholder. for dairy purposes. Mississippi, in 1860, is either non-existent or not readily available. He was seriously wounded twice, but lived through the war and returned to serve his native state in the Legislature. Sheep was raised for the wool and every farm had a flock of chickens and many orchards were found on the farms. The MS Senate passed a bill calling for a three percent sales tax and abolished ad ancestor not shown to hold slaves on the 1860 slave census could have held slaves on an earlier census, so those films can be In 1888, the Okolona City Council and a citizens' group began work on a high standard male and female college. School children collected newspapers, scrap metal, tin cans and clothing for refugees. It was taken over in 1933 by the Episcopal church and continued operation until 1965. The boundaries of five counties link with Chickasaw Co. held by a total of 646 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. The "Houston Male Academy" was established in 1844. In addition to the government assistance, private charity work was being done. The 1860 U.S. Census was the last U.S. census showing slaves and slaveholders. We are always in need of more information. Discover Calhoun County County Mississippi plantation land for sale. Frank Burkitt, a Populist editor and political figure, was a Chickasaw County native, as was Pauline Orr, an important figure at the Mississippi University for Women. Discover 595 listings of Mississippi land for sale over 20 acres. Based on recent LandWatch data, Chickasaw County ranks 68th among the 82 counties in the state for After 1930, money was tight and government at all levels sought solutions to the problem. the Concord Academy was founded by G. S. Gorasty about 1849 and located on Pontotoc Ridge seven miles north of Houston. corderoy roads were financed by the tolls they charged, from ten cents a head for stock to one dollar for a four to six horse or ox wagon. Joel Pinson donated a plot of ground to each of the four denominations represented in Houston at its founding. Django Unchained is a fascinating and intricate film that tells the story of a slave who revolts against his master. Houston : Chickasaw County : MS Sartain's Heritage Properties Located eight tenths of a mile north of Highway 8 on paved County Road 424, this 74.44 acres offers 30 acres of lower because some large holders held slaves in more than one County and they would have been counted as a separate James Martin. Scattered Ku Klux Klan violence occurred in response to black political involvement, especially at voting sites. Slaves then constituted 55 percent of the population, and Chickasaw County planters and farmers pursued mixed agriculture, concentrating on corn and livestock as well as the cash crop of cotton. White land owners also successfully applied economic pressure by refusing to employ blacks who voted, or who voted Republican. Under the 1831 Treaty of Pontotoc, these lands became available for purchase from the Chickasaw Tribe and were quickly incorporated into the United States. the number of former slaves who used the surname of a former owner in 1870, vary widely and from region to region. The hospital was located on the second floor of a brick store building located on the northwest corner of Jackson and Madison. In Aug 1836 a survey was conducted and lots in the new town sold quickly and enough money was made available for the construction of a brick court house on the town square and a jail to be located one block to the north. Pontotoc soon afterward. As a result of these defeats, eight hundred French soldiers, five hundred of them led by D'Artagnette from a post in IL and three hundred under the leadership of Bienville, moved up the Tomspanbee River from the coast. Before this time, most of the children attended private schools located in the county communities. The county takes its name from the regions native inhabitants and was formally established on 9 February 1836. Palo Alto, located in what is now Clay Co, was a thriving community in the early days and was the third largest town in the county. A generation passed before farming in Chickasaw Co ws fully mechanized but agricultural practices had undergone great changes. It was then suggested that Travel across the bottom lands of Houlka and Chuquantonchee Creeks was very difficult and sometimes impossible during the rainy season. COUNTY: COUNTY: Adams; Leflore; Alcorn; Lincoln; Amite; Lowndes; Attala; Madison; Benton; Marion; Bolivar; Marshall; Calhoun; Monroe; Carroll; Montgomery; However, a small but significant Latino/Hispanic minority had emerged. locally owned hospital until 1980 when it was sold to Brookwood Hospital Management Corporation of Birmingham. The county has many acres of timber land, consisting mainly of pine trees, a large dairy, beef farms, hog farms and poultry houses. Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held in Chickasaw County, FORMAT. In 1930, a record breaking drought gripped the entire nation and became one of the grimmest periods in the history of Chickasaw Co. In Chickasaw Co, patriotism Northern VA. Chickasaw Co men served in every theater of the war and hardly a significant battle was fought in which Chickasaw Co soldiers were not a part. In Okolona, the Federal Based on recent LandWatch data, Chickasaw County ranks 68th among the 82 counties in the state for These officials were ill equipped to fill their positions. Wallace A. Another building was built to house an elementary grades of the Houston Municipal system and was located on the southeast corner of Madison and Starkville. Twenty years later, only 220 people were still involved in agriculture, while more than half of the workforce, almost 5,000 people, held manufacturing positions, largely in timber and textiles. An Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529, with about 1 in 70 being a PURPOSE. necessities. Bonds floated to repay county indebtedness did not find buyers. Knitting instructions were printed in the local newspapers. Around 1830, the typical immigrant was a family man seeking to establish a hoe. At the end of the war and the beginning of the Reconstruction, coffee was made by parching potato skins and other similar substances. Although most of the Klan activity in Chickasaw Co was directed towards the blacks, sometimes whites were also targeted. Vestiges of the Republican Clubs which were controlled by the Freedman's Bureau and others recruited former slaves as members. Freed slaves, if listed in the next census, in 1870, would have been reported During this period, almost all industry was agriculturally related: gins, compresses, sawmills, handle factories, stave factories, oil mills and such. Reprints of this book and Vol II may still be available. There were six lawyers and six doctors in the town. In 1915, the United States Congress passed the 19th Amendment, giving women the right to vote. was to be rung as a signal for all the people to gather for the prayer service. to below nine cents a pound. Around this time, a high moral tone was characteristic of the county history. It was the fourth-largest in the state before it went out of party came on strongly with an anti-slavery plank, state Democrats forgot their differences. One is that they had a disagreement. Much of its trade had been taken over by West Point and its male http://fisher.lib.virginia.edu/census/ . The Chickasaw people, for whom the county is named, left marks on the area that endure to this day The word "Chickasaw" means "Rebellion" or "He-Who-Walks-Away" and is supposedly a derivative of the name of the Indian leader, Chicka. The Chickasaw tribe remained friendly with the British throughout the American Revolution. Chickasaw County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. These counties (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); Alabama, up 37,000 (8%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 (41%); (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County was Several stores and a post office were built and the little town thrived. The county's first church was a Baptist church built in 1835 in the southwestern part of the county by the LandWatch has hundreds of rural properties and land for sale in Chickasaw County. PLANTATION NAMES. Chickasaw County is located in the northeast area of the state. The agricultural economy with cotton as the span money crop was based firmly on the institution of slavery. In the "first call" from Chickasaw Co there were two hundred and ninety-four and many young men did not wait to be drafted. The war had encouraged more agricultural productivity and more scientific methods of cultivation had been introduced. Confederate soldiers and officials at first were denied the vote and the blacks had a clear majority and elected black candidates to public office. Soon the stage coaches replaced the horse and rider as the carrier of the In 1904, the spur was completed linking Houston with the M & O Railroad which had been rebuilt. The number of black slaves in 1840 was 807; in 1850 was 6,480 and by 1860, slaves outnumbered the white population by 2,000. Ten more years passed before Chickasaw Co was again sending young people to southeast Asia. Presumably some men from Chickasaw Co served in the Spanish-American War in 1896, but no casualties are listed and no records of Chickasaw County's participation are available. The Viet Nam War split the nation, but the people of Chickasaw Co again sent sons, husbands and brothers to that far corner of the world. By the time Chickasaw Co was organized, the well traveled Indian Trails such as the Natchez Trace and Gaines Trace were in disrepair. Following the construction of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad through Chickasaw in 1859, the countys main sphere of commercial activity shifted from Houston to Okolona. Though agriculture remained the countys primary subsistence activity, the demise of Chickasaws plantation economy led to the rise of small farms and sharecropping. In 1862, Tucker was commissioned colonel and was named Brigadier General in 1864. In Chickasaw Co, political parties were operating through clubs. miles and a water area of 0.02 sq. Chickasaw was considered among the states postbellum black districts, as following the war its political boundaries were redrawn to ensure the election of African American candidates. The automobile was replacing the horse and buggy and a new invention, the radio, was bringing the world into homes throughout the county. The following information is provided for citations. were paved, with the exception of Hwy. raised and was a primary source of meat. Although this amendment was not ratified and become law until Aug 26, 1920; one of the first instances of women voting took place in Houlka, Chickasaw Co. At Delegates from the northern counties that were created from the Chickasaw lands demanded that the Congressional candidate be chosen from their section. Houston also had several drug stores. This latter group was made up of individuals who opposed secession as a solution to the problem. Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up 25,000 (127%); and Kansas up from 265 to 17,000 (6,400%). However, they encountered Confederate troops at Palo alto and the Union forces were turned north toward Okolona. soldiers burned the depot and Rose Gate College, which was being used by the Confederate government as a military hospital. the Union forces inflicted little permanent damage. This was the only major highway through the county that had not been paved during the 1930s. Candyland, a plantation in Chickasaw County, Mississippi, was owned by Calvin Candie, the antagonist in Django Unchained. General Chalmers stopped Smith at the Houlka bottom north of Houston The formal boundaries for the City of Houston encompass a land area of 7.38 sq. can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been changed through the years and because the sizeable number These two men were of one mind, casting their votes in favor of term "slaveholder" rather than "slave owner", so that questions of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be the source or at the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise. Racially related terms such as African American, black, mulatto and colored are used as in During the 1840s, the rich prairie lands had been settled and improved and the plantation system was well established. Like many central Mississippi counties, in 2010 Chickasaw Countys population of 17,932 was predominantly white and had not changed significantly in size since 1960. While only eighty-three residents of Chickasaw County were employed in industry in 1860, its manufacturing sector produced a substantial variety of commodities, including fixed agricultural implements, flour and meal, lumber, boots, carriages, furniture, and saddles and harnesses. Before their voting rights could be restored, men who had served in the Confederate army or had held any official position in the government of the Confederacy were required to take an oath of loyalty to the United States. called and Chickasaw Co proceeded to elect officials. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Chickasaw County, Mississippi (NARA microfilm series M653, The French and British also occupied Chickasaw lands during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. who lived through World War II are unable to remember where he or she was or what they were doing when word came on Sunday, Dec 7, 1941 that the Japanese had attacked Pearl Harbor. In 1859, the Mobile and Ohio Railroad came through the county passing through Okolona and Egypt. Though the countys citizens were originally divided in their loyalties, Chickasaw Countys political representatives eventually formed a solid base in favor of secession, and many of the countys natives served in the Civil War. Community Christmas trees were sponsored in these two towns throughout the 1930s. leaving from Houston were all volunteers and was made up of individuals from all parts of the county. Under the presidency of Andrew Jackson, the Indians were finally driven from Chickasaw Co. Jackson passed through the area on his return from the Battle of New Orleans in Feb 1813. Under the presidency of Andrew Jackson, the Indians were finally driven from Chickasaw Co. Jackson passed through the area on his return from the Battle of New Orleans in Feb 1813. Again Smith's troops broke and the Federal troops retreated to TN. checked also. In addition to several attempts by federal troops to destroy the stretch of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad running through the county, a number of battles and raids took place in Chickasaw. The first white men to come to the area were Spaniards led by Hernando de Soto. of African Americans were enumerated as free in 1860, with about half of those living in the southern States. Congress. resigned from the U. S. Congress and reversed his position regarding secession, the people of Chickasaw came to support the secession movement. Because of the massive mobilization of manpower, there was hardly a home in Chickasaw Co that did not have some family member serving in the military. LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES, SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. Residents of Chickasaw Co watched very closely as the war in Europe began in 1914 and escalated. It is estimated by this transcriber that in 1860, slaveholders of 200 or more slaves, while constituting less than 1

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